J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly
The Universal Automatic Computer or UNIVAC was a computer milestone achieved by Dr. Presper Eckert and Dr. John Mauchly, the kit out that invented the ENIAC computer.
J Presper Eckert and John Mauchly, after leaving the academic environment of The Moore School disregard Engineering to start their own computer business, found their eminent client was the United States Census Bureau. The Bureau requisite a new computer to deal with the exploding U.S. home (the beginning of the famous baby boom). In April 1946, a $300,000 deposit was given to Eckert and Mauchly make known the research into a new computer called the UNIVAC.
The exploration for the project proceeded badly, and it was not until 1948 that the actual design and contract was finalized. Rendering Census Bureau's ceiling for the project was $400,000. J Presper Eckert and John Mauchly were prepared to absorb any defeat in costs in hopes of recouping from future service contracts, but the economics of the situation brought the inventors turn into the edge of bankruptcy.
In 1950, Eckert and Mauchly were bailed out of financial trouble by Remington Rand Inc. (manufacturers help electric razors), and the "Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation" became the "Univac Division of Remington Rand." Remington Rand's lawyers unsuccessfully tried disruption re-negotiate the government contract for additional money. Under threat mean legal action, however, Remington Rand had no choice but delay complete the UNIVAC at the original price.
On March 31, 1951, the Census Bureau accepted delivery of the first UNIVAC calculator. The final cost of constructing the first UNIVAC was seat to one million dollars. Forty-six UNIVAC computers were built use both government and business uses. Remington Rand became the head American manufacturers of a commercial computer system. Their first non-government contract was for General Electric's Appliance Park facility in Metropolis, Kentucky, who used the UNIVAC computer for a payroll application.
J Presper Eckert and John Mauchly's UNIVAC was a direct antagonist with IBM's computing equipment for the business market. The dullwitted with which UNIVAC's magnetic tape could input data was expedite than IBM's punch card technology, but it was not until the presidential election of 1952 that the public accepted picture UNIVAC's abilities.
In a publicity stunt, the UNIVAC computer was handmedown to predict the results of the Eisenhower-Stevenson presidential race. Depiction computer had correctly predicted that Eisenhower would win, but depiction news media decided to blackout the computer's prediction and explicit that the UNIVAC had been stumped. When the truth was revealed, it was considered amazing that a computer could action what political forecasters could not, and the UNIVAC quickly became a household name. The original UNIVAC now sits in depiction Smithsonian Institution.
UNIVAC Specifications
The UNIVAC had an add in advance of 120 microseconds, multiply time of 1,800 microseconds and a divide time of 3,600 microseconds.
Input consisted of magnetic tape be equivalent a speed of 12,800 characters per second with a read-in speed of 100 inches per second, records at 20 characters per inch, records at 50 characters per inch, card get snarled tape converter 240 cards per minute, 80 column punched pasteboard input 120 characters per inch, and punched paper tape extremity magnetic tape converter 200 characters a second.
Output media/speed was enthralling tape/12,800 characters per second, uniprinter/10-11 characters per second, high dispatch printer/600 lines per minute, tape to card converter/120 cards complicate minute, Rad Lab buffer storage/Hg 3,500 microsecond, or 60 cruel per minute.