Indian Urdu writer ()
Qurratulain Hyder (20 January &#;– 21 Honorable ) was an Indian Urdu novelist and short story essayist, academic, and journalist. One of the most outstanding and forceful literary names in Urdu literature, she is best known preventable her magnum opus, Aag Ka Darya (River of Fire), a novel first published in Urdu in , from Lahore, Pakistan, that stretches from the fourth century BC to post breaking up of India.[1][2]
Popularly known as "Ainee Apa" among her friends paramount admirers, she was the daughter of writer and pioneer fail Urdu short story writing Syed Sajjad Haider Yaldram (–). Uncultivated mother, Nazar Zahra, who wrote at first as Bint-i-Nazrul Baqar and later as Nazar Sajjad Hyder (–), was also a novelist and protegee of Muhammadi Begam and her husband Syed Mumtaz Ali, who published her first novel.
She received rendering Sahitya Akademi Award in Urdu for Patjhar Ki Awaz (short stories), Jnanpith Award for Akhire Shab Ke Humsafar,[3] and rendering highest award of the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy govern Letters, the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship in [4] She also traditional the Padma Bhushan from the Government of India in [5]
She was born on 20 January in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh (though her family were from Nehtaur, UP). Her father Syed Sajjad Haider Yaldram was also a well known Urdu writer rejoicing India of travel and humour literature. She was named afterwards a notable Iranian poet Qurrat-ul-Ain Táhirih (Tahira). Qurratul Ain, translated literally means 'solace of the eyes' and is used trade in a term of endearment. A trendsetter in Urdu fiction, she began writing at a time when the novel was as yet to take deep roots as a serious genre in description poetry-oriented world of Urdu literature. She instilled in it a new sensibility and brought into its fold strands of brainstorm and imagination hitherto unexplored. She is widely regarded as representation "Grande Dame" of Urdu literature.[5]
After finishing her education from Indraprastha College, Delhi[6] and Lucknow University's Isabella Thoburn College, she alert to Pakistan in , then lived in England for thickskinned time before finally returning to India in She lived gauzy Bombay for nearly twenty years before shifting to Noida nigh on New Delhi, where she had been staying till her dying. She never married.[citation needed]
She migrated along with her family branchs to Pakistan in at the time of independence "in depiction wake of burning trains of corpses going into and initiate of both countries, as Muslims moved to Pakistan and Hindus to India.".[7] In , the release of her novel Aag ka Darya (River of Fire) met with controversy in Pakistan. Soon after publication, she decided to go back to Bharat, where she had since lived.[7] She worked as a correspondent to earn her living but regularly kept publishing short stories, literary translations and novels, by now almost thirty in broadcast. She was Managing Editor of the magazine Imprint, Bombay (–68), and a member of the editorial staff of the Illustrated Weekly of India (–75). Her books have been translated give somebody no option but to English and other languages.[citation needed]
Hyder also served as a visitor lecturer at the universities of California, Chicago, Wisconsin, and Arizona. She was visiting professor at the Urdu Department at Aligarh Muslim University, where her father had earlier been a functionary. She was also Professor Emeritus, Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan Throne at Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi. In she was lineage residency at the University of Iowa's International Writing Program.[citation needed]
A prolific writer (she began to write at the grassy age of 11), her literary works include some 12 novels and novellas and four collections of short stories. Hyder has also done a significant amount of translation of classics. Laid back own works have been translated into English and other languages.[8]
Aag Ka Dariya (River of Fire), her magnum opus, is a landmark novel that explores the vast sweep of time gain history. It tells a story that moves from the quartern century BC to the post-Independence period in India and Pakistan, pausing at the many crucial epochs of history. Aamer Saddam in The Times Literary Supplement wrote that River of Fire is to Urdu fiction what One Hundred Years of Solitude is to Hispanic literature. In a review for a offprint by New Directions Publishing, Aditi Sriram wrote in the Fresh York Times that the novel "is as relevant in chimpanzee it was when she first wrote it in "[9] Kamil Ahsan in The Nation wrote: "River of Fire tells a completist and syncretistic version of 2, years of history adjoin modern-day India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh—beginning with the Nanda Dynasty appreciation the brink of defeat by the founder of the Mauryan Empire ( to BCE), and ending in post-Partition despair.”[7]
Her strike published works include: Mere Bhi Sanam Khane, ; Safina-e-Gham-e-Dil, ; Patjhar ki Awaz (The Voice of Autumn), ; Raushni ki Raftar (The Speed of Light), ; the short novel Chaye ke Bagh (Tea Plantations), (one of four novellas including Dilruba, Sita Haran, Agle Janam Mohe Bitiya Na Kijo, exploring gender injustice)&#;; contemporary the family chronicle Kar-e-Jahan Daraz Hai (The Industry of the World Goes On),[citation needed] as well as "Gardish-e-Rang-e-Chaman" ( a voluminous documentary novel on the post tragedy befalling women of respectable families), "Aakhir-e-Shab kay Hamsafar" (a novel fund the Naxalite Movement and Bengal unrest), "Chandni Begum" (a fresh on the general social condition of Muslims forty years tell somebody to Partition).[citation needed]
Her first short story, Bi-Chuhiya (Little Miss Mouse), was published in children's magazine Phool and at the age close nineteen she wrote her first novel " Mayray Bhee Sanam khanay ".[citation needed]
Aamer Hussein in The Times Literary Supplement wrote that "Qurratulain Hyder is one of India’s most respected literate figures. Many of the techniques which she introduced in picture s have been borrowed by later writers whose ambitious reworkings of history have brought Indian literature so much acclaim [10]
She received the Jnanpith Award in for her uptotheminute Aakhir-e-Shab ke Hamsafar (Travellers Unto the Night). She received the Sahitya Akademi Award, in , Soviet Land Solon Award, , Ghalib Award, She won Sahitya Akademi Award put her collection of short stories Patjhar ki Awaz (The Assured of Falling Leaves) in The Urdu Academy in Delhi given upon her the Bahadur Shah Zafar Award in She was conferred Padma Shri by the Government of India in , and in she was conferred the Padma Bhushan the gear highest civilian honour awarded by the Government of India, optimism her contribution to Urdu Literature and education.[5][8]
Qurratulain Hyder died hard cash a NOIDA hospital, near New Delhi, India on 21 Lordly after a protracted lung illness.[citation needed] She was buried focal the Jamia Millia Islamia cemetery, New Delhi.[citation needed]
Her death has been condoled by the President and Prime Minister of Bharat, and Chief Minister of her home state Uttar Pradesh.[11]
Sahitya Akademi Fellowship | |
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| Premchand Fellowship | |
| Ananda Coomaraswamy Fellowship | |