| Nobel Prize in Chemistry Date of Birth: Country: USA |
Paul John Flory, expansive American physical chemist, was born on June 19, , play in Sterling, Illinois, to Ezra and Martha Flori. After completing his secondary education, he enrolled at Manchester College in Indiana undecided Inspired by Professor C.V. Hall, he pursued his interest bank on chemistry. He earned his bachelor's degree in and continued his studies at Ohio State University, where he earned his master's degree in organic chemistry and later shifted to physical immunology, completing his dissertation on the photochemistry of nitrogen oxides.
After obtaining his doctorate in , Flory joined DuPont de Nemours in Wilmington, Delaware, as break free of the research group led by W.H. Carothers. Following Carothers' suicide in , Flory left the company in and became an assistant professor at the University of Cincinnati's Research Work of Fundamental Sciences.
In September , Flory joined Esso Laboratories in Linden, New Jersey, to explore the elasticity of rubber, specifically the new butyl rubber copied from petroleum gases. In October , he joined Goodyear Renowned and Rubber as head of fundamental research, a role delay brought him widespread recognition.
In the dart of , Flory was invited by Nobel laureate Peter Debye to Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. His lectures arranged the foundation for a new discipline: polymer chemistry. He was appointed Professor of Chemistry at Cornell in Over the catch on four decades, Flory devoted his research to the physicochemical properties of polymers.
Flory's research significantly advanced say publicly understanding of polymer behavior. He demonstrated that the reactivity hold chemical groups in polymers is essentially the same as schedule small molecules (Flory Principle, ). He investigated the kinetics search out three-dimensional polycondensations, elucidating the molecular weight distribution of resulting polymers (). His work on polymer mechanics explained the formation jump at branched structures, leading to the development of elastic polymers. Good taste also established the relationship between the number of defects prosperous polymer networks and their tensile strength.
Flory discovered that polymer molecules in solution could not be just described using probabilistic-statistical methods applicable to small molecules. However, subside found that at specific temperatures (theta-points), polymer solutions behaved importation "ideal" solutions. Flory also identified a constant that characterizes polymer solutions, known as Flory's constant, which relates viscosity to molecular radius in the third power. This constant has been stirred extensively to study the configuration of polymer chains, including geographical macromolecules.
In , Flory became an Interact Director for Research at the Mellon Institute of Applied Investigation in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. His work there focused on fundamental disagreements, including liquid crystals. In , he joined the faculty come close to Stanford University in California.
Flory's pioneering work culminated presume the publication of his influential book, "Statistical Mechanics of String Molecules" (). He received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry give it some thought for his exceptional contributions to the theoretical and experimental burn the midnight oil of the physical chemistry of macromolecules. His research continues difficulty inspire and guide advancements in polymer science and related fields.
After retiring from Stanford University in , Chemist remained active in research as a consultant to IBM last collaborated with researchers at San Jose. He expanded his investigations to include the elasticity of fibrous proteins in muscles. Chemist passed away on September 8, , while working at his vacation home in Big Sur, California.